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Hoe los je een situatie met meerdere pausen op? Waarom was Jan Van Eyck de beste schilder uit de kunstgeschiedenis (change my mind)? Waarom werd Keizerin Mathilde geen koningin van Engeland? We vertellen je met liefde meer over deze knotsgekke verhalen!

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen

Catechesis Vids. (2025, 14 juni). When the Catholic Church had three “popes” - The Western Schism Explained [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojrSBR6OO4A

Gospel Simplicity. (2025, October 25). The Great Western Schism: Why aren’t more people talking about this? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S6L8UrBNuTY

Hibbard, J. (Host). (2022 - Heden) Why Catholic? (Podcast). #167 - The Avignon Papacy & the Great Western Schism. https://whycatholic.substack.com/p/167

Hibbard, J. (Host). (2022 - Heden) Why Catholic? (Podcast). #168 - The Council of Constance (1414-1418). https://whycatholic.substack.com/p/168

Kirsch, JP (1910). Pedro de Luna. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09431c.htm

Parry This. (2021, 1 mei). The Papal schism explained (Western schism) - Kingdom come deliverance history [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5p1HeY6DJk

Salembier, L. (1912). Western Schism. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13539a.htm

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Tissink, F. (2002). De eeuw van Van Eyck, Ludion.

Van den Ende, E. (2023, 15 februari). Jan Van Eyck: mysterie, mythe en mens. Historiek. https://historiek.net/jan-van-eyck-mysterie-mythe-en-mens/132159/

Historiek (2020, 23 maart). Het Lam Gods in honderd miljard pixels. Historiek. https://historiek.net/het-lam-gods-in-honderd-miljard-pixels/14942/

Van Dijk, E. (2021, 15 maart). Jan van Eyck, meester van de details. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-en-cultuur/2020/04/jan-van-eyck-meester-van-de-details

Cartwright, M. & Poot, T. (2023, 24 maart). Jan van Eyck. Encyclopedie van de Wereldgeschiedenis. https://www.worldhistory.org/trans/nl/1-19223/jan-van-eyck/

Kessler, H.L. & Britannica editors (2025, 7 maart). Jan van Eyck: Netherlandish painter. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jan-van-Eyck

E.S. Gordenker, E. & Britannica editors (2023, 7 april). Ghent Altarpiece: work by Hubert and Jan van Eyck. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ghent-Altarpiece

Borchert, T.-H. (s.d.). Jan van Eyck. De Vlaamse primitieven. https://vlaamseprimitieven.vlaamsekunstcollectie.be/nl/biografie/jan-van-eyck/

Canon van Vlaanderen. (2026, 18 februari). Het Lam Gods van de gebroeders Van Eyck - Canon van Vlaanderen. https://www.canonvanvlaanderen.be/events/het-lam-gods-van-de-gebroeders-van-eyck/

Universiteit van Vlaanderen. (2020, 6 augustus). Was Jan Van Eyck een genie? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ayz8SBppbR0

Universiteit van Vlaanderen. (2020, 30 juli). Wat is er zo bijzonder aan het Lam Gods? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2LeQU4ML2lU

Perspective. (2020, 15 augustus). The Mysterious Tale of the Van Eyck Family (Art History Documentary) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ih7rWA2CGl8

S.n. (2010-2011). Closer to Van Eyck. https://closertovaneyck.kikirpa.be/

TOEVOEGING: Maurice Maeterlinck is de enige Belgische Nobelprijswinnaar in de Literatuur, maar er zijn vele Belgische Nobelprijswinnaars in de andere categorieën.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DYBronnen:

Maeterlinck, M.(1862). BIOGRAFIE MAURICE MAETERLINCK. https://stad.gent/sites/default/files/media/documents/Biografie%20Maeterlinck.pdf

Maeterlinckwandeling. (z.d.). Visit Gent.https://visit.gent.be/nl/zien-doen/maeterlinckwandeling

NobelPrize in Literature 1911. (z.d.-b). NobelPrize.org.https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1911/maeterlinck/facts/

DBNL. (z.d.). MauriceMaeterlinck - auteur - DBNL.https://www.dbnl.org/auteurs/auteur.php?id=maet001

Beyen, R. (z.d.). Maeterlinck, Maurice. De DigitaleEncyclopedie van de Vlaamse Beweging.https://encyclopedievlaamsebeweging.be/nl/maeterlinck-maurice

‘Maurice Maeterlinck’,Theaterencyclopedie, https://theaterencyclopedie.nl/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck

De Plaag | Fonds Pascal Decroos. (2026, 10 januari).Fonds Pascal Decroos. https://www.fondspascaldecroos.org/nl/de-plaag

Maurice Maeterlinck. (z.d.).https://belstories.com/maurice-maeterlinck/

 Maeterlinck, M. (z.d.). Serres chaudes. In Serres chaudes (pp. 5–68).https://ebooks-bnr.com/ebooks/pdf4/maeterlinck_serres_chaudes.pdf

Nobel Prize in Literature 1911. (z.d.). NobelPrize.org.https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1911/maeterlinck/facts/

MAETERLINCK, COUNT MAURICE | Meaning & Definition for UK English | Lexico.com. (z.d.). Lexico Dictionaries |English.https://web.archive.org/web/20220320084035/https://www.lexico.com/definition/maeterlinck,_count_maurice

‘Maeterlinck’, Collins English Dictionnary, 2026(https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/maeterlinck)

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Britannica editors (n.d.). Avignon Papacy. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Avignon-papacy

Hibbard, J. (Host). (2022 - Heden) Why Catholic? (Podcast). #167 - The Avignon Papacy & the Great Western Schism. https://whycatholic.substack.com/p/167

History at its Finest. (2026, April 30). The Avignon Papacy - What Really Happened? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5pC0n6fow5g

Ryan M Reeves. (2014, November 17). Avignon Papacy: When the Popes Moved to France [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uU7GSf35oSY

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Colignon, A. (Instelling : CegeSoma/Rijksarchief) (z.d.). de Selys-Longchamps Jean. https://www.belgiumwwii.be/nl/belgie-in-oorlog/personen/de-selys-longchamps-jean.html

Schrever, R. (2019, 2 december). Jean de Selys, de Belgische baron die de Gestapo in Brussel aanviel. Historiek. https://historiek.net/jean-de-selys-longchamps-brussel-aaval/80694/

VRT MAX. (z.d.). 80 jaar vrede: Jean de Selys Longchamps [Film] https://www.vrt.be/vrtmax/a-z/80-jaar-vrede/1/80-jaar-vrede-s1a2/

Mark Felton Productions. (2019, 19 juli). Typhoon vs Gestapo - RAF Pilot Rogue Attack 1943 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZAq72EYp6w

Dark Skies. (2022, 23 mei). The Forbidden Attack Against a Dark Nazi Secret Base [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTOKEpBz8Lw

Dark Skies. (2025, 6 november). The illegal WW2 plane that took revenge alone [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-hjBaepi88

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

Epic History. (2018, 28 juni). Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Austerlitz 1805 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bhQe2cjr5XQ

Kings and Generals. (2017, 19 november). Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Austerlitz 1805 DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OaoNMLKDCQU

History Hit. (2023, 1 december). The Battle of Austerlitz: Napoleon’s Greatest Victory [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YZzkWMDfPo

Redactie Historiek (2025, 11 december). Slag bij Austerlitz: Napoleons overwinning bij de Driekeizerslag. Historiek. https://historiek.net/slag-bij-austerlitz-driekeizerslag/86583/

Britannica editors (2025, 25 november). Battle of Austerlitz. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Austerlitz

Tomes, L. (2021, 13 januari). How Napoleon Won the Battle of Austerlitz. History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/how-significant-was-the-battle-of-austerlitz/

Mark, H. W., & Gérard, F. (2023, 13 juli). Battle of Austerlitz. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2253/battle-of-austerlitz/

Quinn, F. (2000, augustus). The Battle of Austerlitz: Moving Toward Destiny. Warfare History Network. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/battle-of-austerlitz-moving-toward-destiny/

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Ars Mundi. (2026, 29 mei). De buste van Nefertiti – legendarisch Egyptisch artefact. ars mundi. https://www.arsmundi.de/nl/service/ons-art-report/de-buste-van-nefertiti-legendarisch-egyptisch-artefact/#toc-4-moet-nefertiti-aan-egypte-worden-teruggegeven

Campbell, Sarah Riley. "Searching for the Identity of Neferneferuaten" (2022). Celebration of Scholarship 2022. 4. https://pillars.taylor.edu/cs2022/4

First Humans. (2026, 2 juli). Scientists scanned the Nefertiti bust — and exposed a secret [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKPc4xoZHiU

Het Nieuwsblad (2022, 26 september). Dan toch verborgen kamers in het graf van Toetanchamon? Egyptoloog komt met nieuwe bevindingen. https://www.nieuwsblad.be/natuur-en-wetenschap/dan-toch-verborgen-kamers-in-het-graf-van-toetanchamon-egyptoloog-komt-met-nieuwe-bevindingen/56967854.html

Nefertiti travels. (2026, 19 februari). History - Chronology. https://web.archive.org/web/20150318133459/http://www.nofretete-geht-auf-reisen.de/echronol.htm

Staatliche Museen zu Berlin. (n.d.). The Queen. https://www.smb.museum/en/museums-institutions/aegyptisches-museum-und-papyrussammlung/collection-research/bust-of-nefertiti/the-queen/

TimelessTreasury. (2025, 28 januari). The story of Queen Nefertiti Egypt’s most mysterious ruler [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNydg5tDVus

Vermeulen, Joost (2025, 5 november). Raadsels rond Nefertiti: de koningin van het oude Egypte. Geschiedenis magazine. https://geschiedenismagazine.nl/raadsels-rond-nefertiti-de-koningin-van-het-oude-egypte

Versteeg, S. (2025, 15 juli). Wie is Nefertiti, de vrouw achter de beroemde buste? National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-archeologie/a65360910/nefertiti

Hoe kan voetbal leiden tot een oorlog? (Na die afgekeurde rode kaart, snappen Belgen absoluut hoe!) Hoe viel Napoleons grootste zeeslag in het water? Wie was de 'Amazone van de Franse Revolutie'? We vertellen het je met veel plezier in deze - alweer - langste aflevering tot nu toe!

Bibliografie:

Football: The Beautiful Game. (2025, 22 februari). Goals to Guns: the explosive 1969 football war that divided Central America [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_YBVOnZ38D4

Luckhurst, B. T. (2019, 26 juni). Honduras v El Salvador: The football match that kicked off a war. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-48673853

OverSimplified. (2017, 6 november). Football War - MiniWars #2 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W12vb_Crf00

Simple History. (2018, 25 juni). The Football war (Weird Wars) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKCe5N2vhhg

The Front. (2022, 1 mei). The War that Started Over a World-Cup Qualifier - Honduras & El Salvador’s “Football War” [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xgc8X35Z7S8

van de Wijdeven, Ivo. (2019, 3 november). De 100-urige voetbaloorlog van ’69 | WK Mexico 1970. Geschiedenis Magazine. https://geschiedenismagazine.nl/de-100-urige-voetbaloorlog-van-69

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Epic History. (2025, 24 januari). Nelson’s Battles in 3D: Trafalgar [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FV-0f4NfQ60

Timeline - World History Documentaries. (2023, 13 april). 1805: The battle that shattered Napoleon’s invasion plans | Nelson’s Trafalgar | Timeline [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-po6WQ-wDd0

Britannica editors (2026, 20 juni). Battle of Trafalgar. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Trafalgar-European-history

Mackenzie, J. (z.d.). Battle of Trafalgar. https://www.britishbattles.com/napoleonic-wars/battle-of-trafalgar/

Weet je wat lang geleden is? Een middeleeuws hoorspel! Margo werkte het verhaal van Yonec, een 'lai' van Marie de France uit tot hoorspel. Veel plezier!

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY Bronnen:

Cartwright, M. (2025). Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand: The Road to WWI. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/2814/assassination-of-archduke-franz-ferdinand/

Backhouse, F. & Britannica editors (2026, 18 april). Franz Ferdinand, archduke of Austria-Este. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Franz-Ferdinand-Archduke-of-Austria-Este

Britannica editors (2026, 24 april). Gavrilo Princip. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gavrilo-Princip

Redactie Historiek (2024, 19 november). Gavrilo Princip en het begin van de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Historiek. https://historiek.net/gavrilo-princip-1894-1918/364/

Casals, J.M. (2025, 26 september). Inside the murder plot that changed the course of history. History. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/franz-ferdinand-assassination-world-war-i

History Hit (2023, 28 juni). How the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Unfolded. History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/archduke-franz-ferdinand/

(s.n.) (z.d.). June 28, 1914 Breaking News: Austrian Heir and His Wife Murdered in Bosnian Capital. The National WWI Museum And Memorial. https://www.theworldwar.org/learn/about-wwi/june-28-1914

History Hit. (2014, 27 juni). How the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Unfolded with Dan Snow [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OfO7TduevHA

Hoe corrupt en verdorven kon een paus zijn? Robin vertelt je er alles over in deze mini-aflevering.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Beyer, G. (n.d.). The Scandalous Life of Alexander VI, the Borgia Who Became a Pope | TheCollector. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/pope-alexander-vi-borgia-legacy/

Biographics. (2024, 14 november). Pope Alexander VI: The Infamous “Borgia Pope” #sponsored [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ok3wU7jD9gU

Dark Lore. (2025, 22 september). Alexander VI: The most depraved Pope the Vatican hopes you forget [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bpe3NRf6oWw

Donkere Eeuwen. (2026, 11 januari). De Meest Verdorvene Paus in de Geschiedenis: Het Schokkende Leven van Alexander VI [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KtAqSR7x3xE

Historiek. (2018, 14 maart). Paus Alexander VI (1431-1503). Historiek.net. https://historiek.net/paus-alexander-vi-1430-1503/3599/

See U in History / Mythology. (2022, 21 februari). The Devil Pope: The life of Rodrigo Borgia - Pope Alexander VI - See u in history [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-IBDSbc5eQ

Hoe groeide een prinses uit tot de sterkste krijger van haar land? Hoe verliep de Slag bij Hastings? Waar - WAAR???? - ligt het graf van Alexander de Grote? We vertellen het met plezier in deze 28e aflevering.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

‘Khutulun’, F-site: geschiedenis over vrouwen, (https://www.f-site.nu/khutulun). Geraadpleegd op 13 mei 2026.

Khutulun: The Wrestler Princess. (z.d.). Rejected Princesses.https://www.rejectedprincesses.com/princesses/khutulun

Cannizzaro, L. (2024, 24 februari). Khutulun, the Mongolian warrior princess. Archeotravelers.com.https://www.archeotravelers.com/en/2020/09/11/khutulun-the-mongolian-warrior-princess/

Biographics. (2018, 21 november). Khutulun: The Mongol Warrior Princess [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weryT_lXS9I

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HistoricUK. (2025, 9 januari). What was the Battle of Hastings? 1066 and the Norman Conquest (British History EXPLAINED) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Kgb-280rJ0

Historiek. (2025, 9 juli). Tapijt van Bayeux – Een historisch wandkleed. Historiek.net. Tapijt van Bayeux - Historisch wandkleed

OverSimplified. (2018, 24 mei). The War that Changed the English Language - Mini-Wars #3 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jl3K63Rbygw

Parry This. (2026, 7 februari). Battle of Hastings AD 1066 | History’s Most Famous Battles [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8XEEZLRaK-4

The History Chap. (2022, 30 maart). The Battle of Hastings 1066 - Why did it happen? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0PNW2PoZlg

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Blakemore, E. (2020, 21 december). Waar ligt de beroemde veroveraar Alexander de Grote begraven? National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-en-cultuur/2019/02/nieuwe-aanwijzingen-voor-verdwenen-tombe-alexander-de-grote-egypte

Hughes, T. (2023, 16 maart). Alexander’s funeral carriage: the greatest heist in history? History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/alexanders-funeral-carriage-the-greatest-heist-in-history/

Hughes, T. (2023, 25 juli). Why Was Alexander the Great’s Corpse so Important to His Successors? History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/alexander-corpse/

Hewitt, N. (2025, 31 augustus). Where Is the Tomb of Alexander the Great? TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/locating-tomb-alexader-the-great/

Chaliakopoulos, A. (2025, 22 april). The Tomb and Body of Alexander the Great: New Clues from an Egyptologist. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/locating-tomb-body-alexander-great-clues-egyptologist/

History Hit. (2023, 29 november). What Killed Alexander the Great? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQv9Jq91dcQ

History Hit. (2023, mei 15). How Alexander the Great’s Tomb Was Stolen [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4txbdXvq74

Kings and Generals. (2018, 9 augustus). Why were Alexander’s Body and Tomb So Important? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9V9CXcH07Ic

Kings and Generals. (2018, augustus 23). What happened to Alexander’s tomb? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dOg_OoNkCJc

Hoe schoot een leger met boogschutters een ridderleger aan flarden? Waarom was de 'Walking Purchase' alels behalve een 'walk in the park'? Hoe kon een boer regeren over een heel groot rijk?

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DYBronnen:

Martinez, J. & Britannica editors (2025, 18 oktober). Battle of Agincourt. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Agincourt

Ramekers, T. (2024, 25 oktober). Slag bij Azincourt (1415): Keerpunt in de Honderdjarige Oorlog. Historiek. https://historiek.net/slag-bij-azincourt-1415/54168/

Cartwright, M., & Payne, H. (2026). Battle of Agincourt. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/Battle_of_Agincourt/

Hughes, T. (2018, 24 oktober). 10 Facts About the Battle of Agincourt. History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/10-facts-about-the-battle-of-agincourt/

HistoryMarche. (2022, 30 september). Battle of Agincourt, 1415 (ALL PARTS) ⚔️ England vs France ⚔️ Hundred Years’ War DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBAGWgu4ceA

Kings and Generals. (2021, 23 mei). Battle of Agincourt 1415 - Hundred Years’ War DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZzaaORehzs

History Hit. (2021, 24 oktober). Historian Mike Loades debunks “The Agincourt Myth” [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0Xwx12ekSU

History Hit. (2025, 8 december). Medieval military historian breaks down medieval battle tactics [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nv0FelDWl4k

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Weyns, F. (2022). XVIII.De adembenemende 18e eeuw. Revolutionairen, avonturiers, libertijnen &puriteinen: het tijdperk dat de wereld voorgoed veranderde.

The Walking Purchase | PHMC > Our documentaryHeritage. (z.d.). Pennsylvania Historical And Museum Commission.https://www.phmc.state.pa.us/portal/communities/documents/1681-1776/walking-purchase.html

Walking purchase | Bucks County, PA. (z.d.).https://www.buckscounty.gov/1567/Walking-Purchase_____________________________________________________________

ASMR Historian. (2024, 20 april). The Life of Justinian I | Byzantine History | Human Voiced, No Ads [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5TJJg6c7wc

Biographics. (2025, 3 januari). JUSTINIAN THE GREAT: The emperor who never sleeps [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vL39rCPbiQk

Captivating History. (2025, 13 januari). The Reign of Justinian the Great [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJrRGyuPK9k

Extra History. (2015, 20 juni). Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - From Swineherd to Emperor - Extra History - Part 1 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_2E0RxVHH4

Extra History. (2015, 27 juni). Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora - The Reforms of Justinian - Extra History - Part 2 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=klq84Z9O4GU

Extra History. (2016, 20 februari). Justinian & Theodora - The Emperor Who Never Sleeps - Extra History - Part 11 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6vn6uRlPL8

Extra History. (2016, 27 februari). Justinian - Caesar I was, and am Justinian - Extra History - Part 12 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6oHr-zd6Bew

Look Back History. (2020, 13 april). Who was Justinian? | FIVE FUN FACTS [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kgU1ytmLq8U

Sarris, P. (2023). Justinianus. Kiezer, Soldaat, Heilige. Vertaling door Arian Verheij (Athenaeum – Polak & Van Gennep; Amsterdam, 2024).

Time Traveller. (2025, 23 juni). “Justinian I: The Last Great Roman Emperor (527–565 AD)” | Byzantine Empire [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Tzmln7yZmc

Hoe invloedrijk was Raspoetin? Waarom kende de Republiek een 'plaag' aan bokkenrijders in de 18e eeuw? En hoe taande de ster van een succesvolle concertpianist op enkele maanden tijd? We vertellen je er alles over in deze - toch wel dramatische - aflevering.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

Beyer, G. (2025, 18 november). Who was Rasputin and why is he famous? | TheCollector. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/who-was-rasputin-why-famous/

Extra History. (2025, October 25). Grigori Rasputin | Russian History | Extra History Complete [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2t3Wr4CR0X4

Pouli, J. (2025, 25 maart). Wie was Raspoetin - de ‘bezeten monnik’? National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-archeologie/a64281354/raspoetin

Simple History. (2018, October 13). Rasputin, the man who wouldn’t die (Strange Stories) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JXdbseRz0lc

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Koops, E. (2025, januari). De Bokkenrijders: gruwelijke misdaden én executies. Historiek. https://historiek.net/de-bokkenrijders-gruwelijke-misdaden-en-executies/40091/

o Van Breugel, J. (2025, 9 oktober). De bokkenrijders: hoe volksgeloof veranderde in een dodelijke heksenjacht. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-archeologie/a68790121/wie-waren-de-bokkenrijders

o S.n. (z.d.). 1700-1800 na Chr. De Bokkenrijders: Bandieten of arme sloebers? Canon van Nederland. https://www.canonvannederland.nl/nl/page/350288/de-bokkenrijders

o S.n. (2024, 15 oktober). Bokkenrijders in Wellen. Belgische Volksverhalen. https://www.volksverhalen.be/Wellen_Bokkenrijders

o S.n. (2025, 2 december). Bokkenrijders in het Maasland. Musea Maaseik. https://www.museamaaseik.be/nl/bokkenrijders-het-maasland

o Heinen, F. (2007, 26 februari) De bokkenrijders. Geschiedenis.nl. https://geschiedenis.nl/nieuws/artikel/1120/de-bokkenrijders

o DBNL. (1978). Bokkenrijders, Verhalen uit het land der bokkenrijders en der Teuten, J.R.W. Sinninghe - DBNL. https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/sinn008verh01_01/sinn008verh01_01_0021.php

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Waarom is Abealardus meer bekend voor zijn liefdesleven dan voor zijn carrière? Hoe raakte een Engelse koning steeds zijn bezit kwijt? Waarom voelt Game of Thrones aan als een middeleeuwse geschiedenisboek? Onbedoeld een middeleeuwse aflevering, maar daarom niet minder plezant. Enjoy!

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

Centre Place. (2021, 9 september). Abelard and Heloise: Medieval Romance andPhilosophy [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QoYEHCxIfwg

Bejczy, I. (2001). Een kennismaking met de middeleeuwsewereld. In Data Archivingand Networked Services (DANS). http://hdl.handle.net/2066/258915

Precht, R. D. (2023, 4 mei). Abelardus’ grootste liefdes:de filosofie en Heloïse. Filosofie Magazine. https://www.filosofie.nl/abelardus-grootste-liefdes-de-filosofie-en-heloise/

Abélard en Héloïse. (2020, 9 oktober). IsGeschiedenis. https://isgeschiedenis.nl/nieuws/abelard-en-heloise

Philosophy Vibe. (2021, 29 september). Universals and Particulars - Realism vs Nominalism Debate [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwX5McVvd0o

Bauer, Raoul, De geniale mislukking van de middeleeuwen, Uitg Pelckmans, Kapellen, 1991.

Ted Bagchus en Rien Jonkers, ‘Leven met en zonder Héloïse’, Uitg Klement, Utrecht 2017

Boni, A. Abelard en Heloise: het verhaal van mijn ongelukken, Standaard Uitgeverij, 1980.

Störig, H.J. (2000): Geschiedenis van de filosofie, Spectrum

Libera, A. de (2005): Der Universalienstreit. Von Platon bis zum Ende des Mittelalters, Wilhelm Fink Verlag

Spade, P.V. (1994): Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals. Porphyry, Boethius, Abelard, Duns Scotus, Ockham, Hackett Publishing Company

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Alex Iles - Archeologist, Historian and Tour Guide. (2024, 3 december). The WORST King of England [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQuD_LY_YNY

Brief History. (2021, 31 augustus). A Brief History Of John Lackland - King John Of England [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nFQ1x9vhxAU

Cartwright, M. (2025). King John of England: England’s Most Unpopular King? World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/King_John_of_England/

History Box. (2022, 5 september). King John - English Monarchs Animated History Documentary [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKgzPSVqTsk

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Pillardy, R. & Britannica editors (s.d.). Behind the Scenes: 9 Historical Inspirations for Game of Thrones. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/list/behind-the-scenes-9-historical-inspirations-for-game-of-thrones

BBC. (2019, 15 april). Radio 4 in Four - The real historical events that inspired Game of Thrones. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/4RVybvDdJMq7fjRp5450yX1/the-real-historical-events-that-inspired-game-of-thrones

AT - TV Clips & Edits. (2016, 15 juli). Real History Behind Game of Thrones (Explained by Historians & George R.R. Martin) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Odw3Nxdqq4o

GameofThrones. (2024, 4 juni). The Real History Behind Westeros with Medieval Historian Charles Farris [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4VlNGirJbg

History Buffs. (2015, 12 september). Why Game of Thrones reads like a History Book and not a Fantasy Epic [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knGeCNaAdAU

Aegon Targaryen. (2019, 5 maart). George RR Martin on Historical Influences in Game of Thrones [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BkNZjRoI15s

Hoe kon een dode paus voor meer drama zorgen dan een levende? Wie is de onbekende, maar mega getalenteerde penseelprinses, Aleijda Wolfsen? En hoe leidde de Eerste Punische Oorlog tot nog meer oorlog? We zoeken het uit tot op het bot (pun intended!). Veel luisterplezier.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. ⁠https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY⁠ Bronnen:

Ancient History Guy. (2022, 28 november). Why Did Carthage Have A Mercenary Army? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRIY3ZwTImc

Lendering, Jona (2022). De vergeten oorlog: De strijd tussen Rome en Karthago. Utrecht: Uitgeverij Omniboek.

Magistra Vitae. (2024, 7 oktober). Mercenary War - The Carthaginian Civil War [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVxgRPzW_ko

Mark, H. W., & Assembly, C. (2025). Mercenary War: The Bloody Uprising Against Carthage. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/Mercenary_War/

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Budding, J. (2025). Meesteressen van het penseel: vrouwelijke kunstenaars in de 17e eeuw.

Djr. (z.d.). Wolfsen, Aleijda (1648-1692). https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/Wolfsen

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Britannica editors (2024, 4 maart). Formosus, pope. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Formosus#ref132299

1britannica editors (2024, 9 april). Stephen VI, pope. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Stephen-VI-or-VII#ref38251

Ontillera, A. R. (2019, 20 augustus). In 897, the corpse of a pope was exhumed—to be put on trial. History. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/vatican-dead-pope-on-trial

Medievalists.net. (2025, 5 mei). The Cadaver Synod: The Trial of a Dead Pope. https://www.medievalists.net/2025/05/cadaver-synod/

Aprea, J. (2019). The Cadaver Synod: Putting a Dead Pope on Trial. JSTOR Daily. https://daily.jstor.org/the-cadaver-synod-putting-a-dead-pope-on-trial/

Fester, J. (z.d.). Why Was a Dead Pope Put On Trial at the Cadaver Synod? | TheCollector. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/cadaver-synod-pope-formosus/

Anastasi, L., & Anastasi, L. (2025, 1 november). Pope Formosus’ Trial in the Cadaver Synod. Medieval History – Yesterday in a Nutshell. https://historymedieval.com/pope-formosus-trial-in-the-cadaver-synod/

Eindelijk nog eens een gastspreker en wat voor een! Ingrid Vanden Berk vertelt over Henri Vande Velde, maar eerst vertellen wij jullie meer over Egyptische helikopters, kaperkapiteins en sneeuwavonturen.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

Een taal met tekens. (2017). Rijksmuseum van Oudheden. https://www.rmo.nl/museumkennis/egypte/thema-5-hierogliefen-en-het-schrift/

Factoids. (2025, 12 februari). The Egyptian Helicopter Hieroglyphs Evidence of lost technology or misinterpretation [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6npouK49oDY

Helicopter Hieroglyphs. (2025, 3 oktober). Egypt Museum. https://egypt-museum.com/helicopter-hieroglyphs/

Il Faraone Tours. (2023, 19 juli. Did Ancient Egypt have helicopters? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYATTaT2_LU

Prof Simon - Science Filmmaker. (2021, April 2). Helicopter Hieroglyph - Mystery from History [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71edygzJKEw_____________________________________________________________

Schrever, R. (2021, 27 mei). Grace O’Malley (ca. 1530-1603) – Ierse piratenkoningin. Historiek. https://historiek.net/grace-omalley-ierland-piratenkoningin/142269/

o The extraordinary life of Grace O’Malley. (z.d.). https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/maritime-history/grace-o-malley-pirate-history-fact-fiction-legend

o Gráinne Mhaol, pirate queen of Connacht: behind the legend. (z.d.). https://historyireland.com/grainne-mhaol-pirate-queen-of-connacht-behind-the-legend/

o National Maritime Museum of Ireland. (2023, 20 april). Grace O’Malley - National Maritime Museum of Ireland. National Maritime Museum Of Ireland. https://www.mariner.ie/grace-omalley/

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DBNL. (1988). Bijlagen,  De sneeuwpoppen van 1511,Herman Pleij - DBNL.https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/plei001snee01_01/plei001snee01_01_0046.php#407

DBNL. (1988a). 4. De stadspolitiek,  De sneeuwpoppenvan 1511, Herman Pleij - DBNL. https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/plei001snee01_01/plei001snee01_01_0040.php

De Meulenaere, V. (2025). Coudenberg: het verdwenenVersailles van België.

WIJ BESTAAN 1 JAAR!! Geniet van onze jubileumaflevering!

Hoe verliep de Brabantse omwenteling? Waarom was de Bataafse Opstand een waarschuwing voor de Romeinen? Waarom was 1672 een slecht jaar om Nederlander te zijn?

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

Hoe behaalde Pyrrhus een pyrrhusoverwinning? Hoe veranderde een eenvoudige slaaf als Mary Prince de koers van de geschiedenis? Hoe historisch is het verhaal van the Lion King? We vertellen het je graag in deze - op nieuw lange #notsorry - aflevering.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. ⁠https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY⁠

Bronnen:

• Hughes, T. (z.d.). Who Was Pyrrhus and What is a Pyrrhic Victory? History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/who-was-pyrrhus-and-what-is-a-pyrrhic-victory/
• Middleton, N. (z.d.). What Is a Pyrrhic Victory? The Tragic Story Behind the Phrase | TheCollector. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/what-is-a-pyrrhic-victory/
• Cartwright, M., & Catalaon. (2025). Pyrrhus: The King with Costly Victories. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/pyrrhus/
• Kings and Generals. (2019, 25 juli). Pyrrhus and Pyrrhic War - Kings and Generals DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2QBA6ZPmj3Q
• Samie, A. & Britannica Editors. (2023, 30 juni). Pyrrhic victory. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pyrrhic-victory
• Britannica Editors. (2024, 3 april). Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pyrrhus
• Redactie Historiek (2025, 5 maart). Pyrrusoverwinning: de bittere prijs van de overwinning. Historiek. https://historiek.net/pyrrusoverwinning-herkomst-uitdrukking/67337/

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• HOLLY, K., Roaring Girls: Eye-opening true stories and biographies about some of the most inspiring women in British history, the forgotten feminists, 2019, Glasgow.
• The Project Gutenberg eBook of History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave, by Mary Prince. (z.d.). https://gutenberg.org/files/17851/17851-h/17851-h.htm
• The History of Mary Prince: A West Indian Slave, Related by Herself | COVE. (1831, 1 januari). https://editions.covecollective.org/content/history-mary-prince-west-indian-slave-related-herself
• Black History Month. (2025, 29 januari). Mary Prince: A Life of Resilience and Rebellion - Black History Month 2026. Black History Month 2026. https://www.blackhistorymonth.org.uk/article/section/history-of-slavery/mary-prince-a-life-of-resilience-and-rebellion/

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• Proctor. (2020, 4 mei). “The Lion King” and Shakespeare’s “Hamlet”: Similarities and Differences. https://owlcation.com/humanities/similarities-between-the-lion-king-and-hamlet

• Vincenty, S. (2019, 12 juli). The Lion King’s Surprising Connections to Hamlet. Oprah Daily. https://www.oprahdaily.com/entertainment/tv-movies/a28376309/the-lion-king-hamlet-comparison/
• Wikipedia. (2026, 15 januari). Hamlet. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamlet
• Wikipedia (2025, 14 november). The Contendings of Horus and Seth. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Contendings_of_Horus_and_Seth
• Wikipedia. (2025, 21 december). The Lion King (1994). Wikipedia. https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lion_King_(1994)

Waarom was Hatshepsut zo belangrijk? Hoe kon Agent Garbo Hitler succesvol om de tuin leiden? Hoe belandde de bemanning van de U.S.S. Polaris op dun ijs?

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY

Bronnen:

History Explained. (2020, 9 augustus). The Greatest Female Pharaoh - Hatshepsut - Ancient Egypt [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L_A8B_MdAdY

History Skills. (2024, 15 september). Hatshepsut | The woman who dared to become pharaoh [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fap2W9LFLqs

Mark, J. J. (2025). Punt. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/punt/

Team, E. (2025, oktober 22). The Great Voyage: Hatshepsut’s Expedition to the Land of Punt. Egypt Fun Tours. https://egyptfuntours.com/blog/hatshepsuts-expedition-land-of-punt/

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Agent Garbo, The Juan Pujol Website. (2019, 3 juli). Agent Garbo - Agent Garbo. Agent Garbo. https://www.agentgarbo.com/

o Timeline - World History Documentaries. (2024, 22 oktober). The forgotten hero who saved D-Day [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LpYeCnxylGc

o Warfare History Network. (2023, 6 december). How Juan Pujol Garcia (a.k.a. “Garbo”) made the D-Day invasion happen. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/how-juan-pujol-garcia-garbo-made-d-day-invasion-happen/

o https://www.mi5.gov.uk/history/world-war-ii/agent-garbo

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Jones, A. G. E., & Loomis, C. C. (1971). Weird and Tragic Shores: The Story of Charles Francis Hall, Explorer. Geographical Journal, 137(4), 579. https://doi.org/10.2307/1797178

Miller, N. (2023, 9 januari). What happened to the Polaris Expedition and did it lead to Murder? Discovery UK. https://www.discoveryuk.com/mysteries/what-happened-to-the-polaris-expedition-and-did-it-lead-to-murder/?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Parry, R. (2001). Trial by Ice: The True Story of Murder and Survival on the 1871 Polaris Expedition. New York : Ballantine Books.

Phillips, B. (2025, 7 augustus). This Arctic murder mystery remains unsolved after 150 years. History. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/history-magazine/article/murder-mystery-ship-polaris-arctic-north-pole?utm_source=chatgpt.com

USS Polaris Description. (z.d.). https://www.naval-history.net/OW-US/Polaris/USS_Polaris.htm?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Scary Interesting. (2025, 16 maart). The Disturbing Unsolved Mystery of the Polaris Expedition [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qk7F3qj4iDg

Intro en outro:Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY

Bronnen:

Movie vs. Reality: The Real Story of the Von Trapp Family. (2024, 22 juli). National Archives. https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2005/winter/von-trapps-html

BBC Audio | Outlook | The real story of the von Trapp family singers. (z.d.). https://www.bbc.com/audio/play/w3ct6wqr

Austrian-Inspired Luxury Mountain Resort in Stowe, VT | von Trapp Family Lodge & Resort in Vermont. (z.d.). https://www.vontrappresort.com/

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY

BRONNEN:

o https://www.britannica.com/event/The-Christmas-Truce

o Heylen, K. (2014, 20 december). “Gelukkig kerstfeest, hoewel niemand gelukkig was” | VRT NWS: nieuws. VRTNWS. https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2014/12/20/_gelukkig_kerstfeesthoewelniemandgelukkigwas-1-1919107/

o https://www.cwgc.org/our-work/blog/peace-in-no-man-s-land-the-truth-behind-the-christmas-truce/

o https://www.inflandersfields.be/images/filelib/12Kerstbestand_66051.pdf

o https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-real-story-of-the-christmas-truce

o Imperial War Museums. (2020, 9 december). The Christmas Truce | What really happened in the trenches in 1914? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NaBJhmkDKmc

o In Flanders Fields Museum. (2024, 23 mei). Christmas Truce [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iFzCA4C6gQ

o History Hit. (2023, 22 december). The Real History of the Christmas Truce of 1914 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_RIrwz3eUok

Niet om met de kindjes te luisteren deze aflevering! We duiken namelijk in het échte verhaal van Sinterklaas - voor zover dat gaat natuurlijk.

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6b9h3VYMp4

Bronnen:

Geschiedenis Inside. (2024, 3 december). Sint-Nicolaas: De echte Sinterklaas [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xYwA5fw5D8

Nederlands Openluchtmuseum. (2019, December 5). HET SINTERKLAASFEEST | Les van Tess #8 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Eh3mP7WpwA

NU.nl. (2015, 21 september). In 60 seconden: De geschiedenis van Sinterklaas en Zwarte Piet [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Cf1FM83k-E

Philippe, Ine. (2023, 6 december). Wie was eerst: Sinterklaas of de Kerstman? | VRT NWS: nieuws. VRTNWS. https://www.vrt.be/vrtnws/nl/2023/12/05/wie-was-er-eerst-sinterklaas-of-de-kerstman/

Vision Video. (2020, 17 december). Saint Nicholas: The Real Story (2015) | Full movie [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FoTMhIlpxYQ

Walter, Christopher. “The Names of the Council Fathers at Saint Sozomenus, Cyprus”, Revue des études byzantines 28 (1970): 189-206.

Waarom had Eirik niet de hoofdrol in zijn eigen saga? Hoe verliep het leven van Hendrik VIII? Wat voor een enigma was de enigma? We vertellen er met plezier alles over, in deze lange - #sorrynotsorry - aflevering!

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY

Bronnen:

Bos, R. (2024, November 13). Hendrik VIII van Engeland - de man die twee van zijn vrouwen liet onthoofden. National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-archeologie/a60506822/hendrik-viii-van-engeland

Geschiedenis in beweging. (2022, 10 januari). Wie was Hendrik VIII? | #BritseRijk | Historische Context HAVO [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fqrLC1hPEPQ

OverSimplified. (2020, 4 mei). Henry VIII - OverSimplified [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ewLpXw6uN28

Real Royalty. (2025, July 18). King Henry VIII: The Ruthless Reign of the Tudor Tyrant [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPBLZ_MsTTc

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Copeland, & B.J. (2025, 7 november). Alan Turing | Biography, Facts, Computer, Machine, Education, & Death. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing/Computer-designer

Britannica Editors. (2025, 30 oktober). Enigma | Definition, Machine, History, Alan Turing, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Enigma-German-code-device

Lewis, & Robert. (2025, 10 november). Bletchley Park | WWII Codebreaking, Alan Turing, UK. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Bletchley-Park

Raikar, & Pai, S. (2023, 3 maart). Bombe | Code breaking, history, design, & facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bombe

Copeland, & B.J. (1998, 20 juli). Ultra | WWII Allied Intelligence & Codebreaking. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ultra-Allied-intelligence-project

Historiek (2021, 16 oktober). Alan Turing (1912-1954) – Computerpionier en codekraker. Historiek. https://historiek.net/alan-turing-computerpionier-codekraker/16785/

Hastings, M. (2024, 5 maart). Bletchley Park en de ‘geheime oorlog’. Historiek. https://historiek.net/bletchley-park-en-de-geheime-oorlog/134311/

Ruis, E. (2022, 20 april). Het verhaal van Alan Turing Bespreking van ‘Alan Turing, het Enigma’. Historiek. https://historiek.net/het-verhaal-van-alan-turing/55896/

Irvine, A. (z.d.). 10 Facts about Enigma codebreaker Alan Turing. History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-alan-turing/

Jeffery, B. (z.d.). Helping Turing: How Three Polish Mathematicians Cracked the Enigma Code. History Hit. https://www.historyhit.com/helping-turing-how-three-polish-mathematicians-cracked-the-enigma-code/

https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/how-alan-turing-cracked-the-enigma-code

Wilkins, J. (z.d.). Alan Turing: The Genius Who Cracked the Enigma Code | TheCollector. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/alan-turing-genious-enigma-code/

Epic History. (2025, 6 juni). ULTRA - WW2’s Greatest Secret: Cracking Enigma [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNu4jXqHwIM

Epic History. (2025b, september 12). ULTRA - WW2’s Greatest Secret: Battle of the Atlantic [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAOD0Q_lBXY

Biographics. (2019, 31 mei). Alan Turing: The Enigma [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTmsSG8OW5M

Timeline - World History Documentaries. (2023, 23 maart). The story of cracking the Enigma code in 2 hours [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8FDeLnxCOXA

Waarom was Castro wereldkampioen in moordaanslagen overleven? Waarom zou je je eigen bestseller zien als grootste dwaling? Waarom was 1361 een catastrofe voor Zweden?

Intro en outrol: HEavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRZxtUXbjiI

BRONNEN:

• CIA Assassination Attempts on Fidel Castro. (z.d.). Wikipedia. Geraadpleegd van https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA_assassination_attempts_on_Fidel_Castro

• Fidel Castro. (2024). Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fidel-Castro

• The Guardian. (2016, 26 november). Fidel Castro and the CIA: Exploding cigars and deadly diving suits. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/26/fidel-castro-cia-cigar-assasination-attempts

• BBC News. (2016, 26 november). Fidel Castro: Cuba’s revolutionary leader. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-38121583

• CNN. (2016, 12 augustus). Fidel Castro at 90: The man who survived hundreds of assassination plots. https://edition.cnn.com/2016/08/12/americas/cuba-fidel-castro-at-90-after-assassination-plots

• U.S. National Archives. (2018–2021). JFK Assassination Records Collection Releases. https://www.archives.gov/research/jfk/releases/

• blackhistorywalks. (2021, 14 juli). 638 Ways to kill Castro [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N4Xkw_GmMdQ

• Today I Found Out. (2024, 27 juni). The Many Hilarious Ways the CIA Tried to Assassinate Fidel Castro [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yym4qf5uIoM

• American History Geek. (2020, 6 november). C.I.A. assasination attemps on Fidel Castro explained [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wq8Y3SRHN0

• The Cold War. (2023, 6 mei). Operation Mongoose: Trying and Failing to Kill Castro - Cold War [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkhiLCBlgqQ

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INGELBRECHT, T., Een Verhaal van Twee Geliefden, Gorredijk, 2025.

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Chronicle - Medieval History Documentaries. (2021, 18 september). 1361: The Medieval Massacre Of Sweden | Medieval Dead | Chronicle [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hgLZ2jFhvEU

Neijman, T. (2017). The Gotlandic rural militia: A Study of the invasion of Gotland 1361 in response to a modern narrative. [master thesis, Stockholm University]. Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet. Geraadpleegd op 25 oktober 2025, The Gotlandic rural militia : A study of the invasion of Gotland 1361 in response to a modern narrative

Timeline - World History Documentaries. (2022, 9 oktober). 1361 Massacre: The Buried Secrets Of The Gotland Mass Grave | Medieval Dead [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nd01RwmnOPo

Bronnen:

Intro en outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY

_________________________________________________________Crew, B. (2024, 20 februari). The Great Emu War: In which some large, flightless birds unwittingly foiled the Australian Army. Scientific American. https://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/running-ponies/the-great-emu-war-in-which-some-large-flightless-birds-unwittingly-foiled-the-australian-army/

Extra History. (2021a, 2 oktober). The Great Emu War - Battlebirds - Australian History - Part 1 - Extra History [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iiRz52AQlMk

Extra History. (2021b, 9 oktober). The Great Emu War - Beaks vs. Bullets - Australian History - Part 2 - Extra History [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxvtYx2CKAU

FORGOTTEN HISTORY. (2025, 25 Mei). The Great Emu War of 1932 | Forgotten History [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TW9b1v7PQ80

Husband, J. (2018, 21 april). The Emu War — History Nuggets. History Nuggets. https://historynuggets.squarespace.com/nuggets/2018/4/21/the-emu-war

OverSimplified. (2018, 15 november). Emu War - OverSimplified (Mini-Wars #4) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXpu6tbFCsI

_________________________________________________________Hudson, & Myles. (2019, 29 augustus). Fall of Constantinople | Facts, Summary, & Significance. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Fall-of-Constantinople-1453

Du Plessis, J. (z.d.). Fall of Constantinople (1453): The Siege That Changed the World | TheCollector. TheCollector. https://www.thecollector.com/fall-constantinople-1453-changed-world/

Cartwright, M., & D, D. (2025). 1453: The Fall of Constantinople. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1180/1453-the-fall-of-constantinople/

Kings and Generals. (2024, 7 november). Fall of Constantinople 1453 - Ottoman Empire DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vAlZ1v1ArVg

Hoe evolueerde de mooiste jurk doorheen de geschiedenis? Waarom weten we zo weinig over de farao Sobekneferu? En waarom laat je je vrijwillig opsluiten in Auschwitz?

Intro & outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY 

Bronnen:

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Holocaust Memorial Day Trust. (2021, 25 augustus). Witold Pilecki - Holocaust Memorial Day Trust. https://hmd.org.uk/resource/witold-pilecki/

McPherson, A. (2025, 4 februari). The man who revealed Auschwitz’s atrocities to the world. https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20250113-the-man-who-volunteered-for-auschwitz

Van Os, P. (2016, 13 juli). Van wie is Witold Pilecki? De Groene Amsterdammer. https://www.groene.nl/artikel/van-wie-is-witold-pilecki

Fairweather, J. (2025, 20 juni). Verzetsstrijder Witold Pilecki liet zich vrijwillig opsluiten in Auschwitz. Historiek. https://historiek.net/verzetsstrijder-witold-pilecki-liet-zich-vrijwillig-opsluiten-in-auschwitz/108019/

Auschwitz Memorial / Miejsce Pamięci Auschwitz. (2024, 12 juni). “On Auschwitz” (45): The story of Witold Pilecki, co-founder of resistance in Auschwitz [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47tCajqI0W0

Instytut Pileckiego. (2021, 25 februari). The story of Witold Pilecki [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C0LuqcsEFiw

BBC Global. (2021, 11 december). The man who volunteered to be imprisoned in Auschwitz - BBC REEL [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ta4YG51szE4

Hoe werd Pegasus Bridge zo'n succes? Waarom dansten mensen in de middeleeuwen onophoudelijk? Was Caligula echt gek?

Bronnen:• D-Day Revisited. (z.d.). Pegasus Bridge. Geraadpleegd van https://d-dayrevisited.co.uk/d-day-history/d-day-landings/pegasus-bridge/

• Warfare History Network. (2016). Lightning Assault on Pegasus Bridge. Geraadpleegd van https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/lightning-assault-on-pegasus-bridge/

• Warfare History Network. (2016). Pegasus Bridge: Operation Deadstick’s Glider Assault. Geraadpleegd van https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/pegasus-bridge-operation-deadsticks-glider-assault/

• D-Day Overlord. (z.d.). Pegasus Bridge – Commonwealth Air Operations. Geraadpleegd van https://www.dday-overlord.com/en/d-day/air-operations/commonwealth/pegasus-bridge

• Imperial War Museums. (z.d.). Operation Deadstick: The Airborne Assault on Pegasus Bridge. Geraadpleegd van https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/operation-deadstick-the-airborne-assault-on-pegasus-bridge

• YouTube. (2019). Pegasus Bridge D-Day 1944 [Video]. Geraadpleegd van https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U93SlUdE034

• Gupta, A. (2019). Pegasus Bridge: A Case Study of Airborne Operations. CLAWS Journal. Geraadpleegd van https://archive.claws.co.in/images/journals_doc/748551098_AshwaniGupta.pdf

• War Documentary. (z.d.). Pegasus Bridge Bénouville. Geraadpleegd van https://war-documentary.info/pegasus-bridge-benouville/

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- Raserei, Tanzwut, Fallsucht: Massen im Rausch. (z.d.). https://www.uniaktuell.unibe.ch/2023/schaeuble_rauschhafte_massenphaenomene/index_ger.html

- Admin. (2025, 30 juni). Tanzen bis zum Tod: Die Straßburger Tanzwut von 1518. National Geographic. https://nationalgeographic.de/geschichte-und-kultur/2025/03/tanzen-bis-zum-tod-die-strassburger-tanzwut-von-1518/

- Einblicke in die Vergangenheit - Samra. (2025, 13 juli). Wahnsinn, Krankheit oder Massenhysterie? Das Rätsel der Tanzwut von Straßburg 1518 [Video]. YouTube.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v4pbO4hX2Bs

- Sint Vitus dans: de middeleeuwse dansplaag. (2017, 21 augustus). Dans Magazine. https://dansmagazine.nl/reportage/sint-vitus-dans-de-middeleeuwse-dansplaag-0

- Scènes légendaires et folkloriques vues par des artistes luxembourgeois, Édition l'Art à l'école, 1953, p. 7

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- Beard, M. (2023). Keizer van Rome: Heersen over het Romeinse Rijk. B. Mudde en M. van der Werf (verts.). Mary Beard Publications.

- Parable - Free History Documentaries. (2025, 28 juni). Ancient Rome’s Most Feared Ruler: The Story Of Caligula [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GB33Uh5L6pM

- Prins, M. (2024, 3 oktober). Was de Romeinse keizer Caligula de wreedste leider ooit? National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-archeologie/a60189134/keizer-caligula

- Professor Graeme Yorston. (2024, 12 januari). Was Caligula really Rome’s worst Emperor? | History Documentary [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76zFzF3PSG8

- toldinstone. (2022, 4 november). Was Caligula insane? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFYBORC--Dc

- Winterling, A. (2011). Caligula: a biography. University of California Press.

Waarom klinkt het verhaal van Sint-Georgius ons zo bekend in de oren? Hoe "waar" is het verhaal rond Elisabeth Báthory? Waarom kan de schipbreuk van de Wager voor zoveel commotie zorgen? We vertellen het je allemaal in onze 'tot nu toe' meest bloederige aflevering.

Muziek: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY)

Bronnen:

- Fantasy Roots. (2024, December 10). What’s behind the myth of Saint George and the Dragon? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wHm8uaWv-0

- Maddocks, H. (1991), "Pictures for aristocrats: the manuscripts of the Légende dorée". in Margaret M. Manion, Bernard James Muir (red). Medieval texts and images: studies of manuscripts from the Middle Ages: 1-23.

- Path to Holiness. (2025, April 23). April 23rd: Saint George - The TRUE story of the soldier who inspired the legend [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmJhy8taK3o

- pelgrimstekens van sint joris, de heilige georgius de grote. (n.d.). Catharijne Verhalen. https://www.catharijneverhalen.nl/page/796/pelgrimstekens-van-sint-joris-de-heilige-georgius-de-grote

- See U in History / Mythology. (2024, June 7). The Warrior Saint - The Story of Saint George and the Dragon [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-iVugHpfOw

- St. George, Martyr - Information on the Saint of the Day - Vatican News. (n.d.). https://www.vaticannews.va/en/saints/04/23/st--george--martyr.html

- Trisagion Films. (2024, April 25). Saint George the Great Martyr [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdCqUVEQFYk

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Koops, E. (2024, 17 oktober). Elizabeth Báthory – Grootste seriemoordenares aller tijden. Historiek. https://historiek.net/elizabeth-bathory-1560-1614-grootste-seriemoordenares-aller-tijden/60928/#marteling

• Pallardy, & Richard. (2025, 17 augustus). Elizabeth Bathory | Biography, Husband, Castle, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-Bathory

• De gruwelijke moorden van bloedgravin Elisabeth Báthory. (2025, 2 april). National Geographic. https://www.nationalgeographic.nl/geschiedenis-archeologie/a63014268/bloedgravin-elisabeth-bathory

• Biographics. (2018, 2 november). Elizabeth Bathory – The ‘Blood Countess’ [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3N3TSPZoY1o

• Aflevering 11 – De beruchte Elisabeth Báthory – De Vermoorde Onschuld. (z.d.). https://www.devermoordeonschuld.nl/podcast/11-de-beruchte-elisabeth-bathory/

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- Grann, D. (2025). The wager: A Tale of Shipwreck, Mutiny and Murder. Random House.

Hoe overleven in het onherbergzame gebied Patagonië? Waarom wordt de Russisch-Japanse oorlog ook Wereldoorlog 0 genoemd? En waarom was de Slag bij het Teutoburgerwoud zo succesvol? We vertellen je er alles over.

Muziek: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY)

Bronnen:

- Chapman, A. (2010). European Encounters with the Yamana People of Cape Horn, Before and After Darwin. Cambridge University Press.

- Did you know Kawésqar is critically endangered? (z.d.). Endangered Languages. https://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3101

- Grann, D. (2025). The wager: A Tale of Shipwreck, Mutiny and Murder. Random House.

- Lothrop, S. K.;Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. (z.d.). The Indians of Tierra del Fuego. https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/indiansoftierrad00loth

- NMAI Indigenous Geography - Community. (z.d.). https://web.archive.org/web/20120807205054/http://www.indigenousgeography.si.edu/community.aspx?commID=5&lang=eng

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- Feature History. (2017, May 29). Feature History - Russo-Japanese War [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vS-N_IPCRSc

- Mainardi, B. E. (2020). The Russo-Japanese War: Origins and Implications. Undergraduate Research Journal, 7(1): 6-14.

- Steinberg, J. W. (2008). The Russo-Japanese War and World History. Education about Asia, 13(2): 19-14.

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- HistoryMarche. (2024, 26 oktober). Why didn’t Rome conquer Germania? 🌳 Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, 9 AD 🌳 Lost Eagles (Part 1) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHGK43Jy6oMH

- Kings and Generals. (2019a, februari 14). Teutoburg Forest 9 AD - Roman-Germanic Wars DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=imEyKWMDM2o

- History Hit. (2024, 15 november). The Truth Behind the Roman Army’s Massacre at Teutoburg Forest [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=406Aj1EhwkM

- Koops, E. (2024, 27 september). Slag bij het Teutoburgerwoud – Varusslag. Historiek. https://historiek.net/slag-bij-het-teutoburgerwoud-arminius/69282/

- Veldt, F.G.H. (2022, 29 september). Zo werd het slagveld van de Varusslag gevonden. Historiek. https://historiek.net/zo-werd-het-slagveld-van-de-varusslag-gevonden/80554/

- Hudson, & Myles. (2007, 13 augustus). Battle of the Teutoburg Forest | Summary, Facts, & Significance. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-the-Teutoburg-Forest

In deze aflevering vertelt Pieter over een heroïsche veldslag van Caesar, heeft Margo een murder-mysterie om samen te ontrafelen en vertelt Robin over de beruchte pausverkiezing van Gregorius X. Have fun!

Bronnen:Intro en outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY

_________________________________________________________ HistoryMarche. (2025, 24 mei). Caesar’s Masterpiece - Siege of Alesia, 52 BC [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2SMhCR50to0

• Kings and Generals. (2019, 14 juli). Alesia 52 BC - Caesar’s Gallic Wars DOCUMENTARY [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ueI0Vmb5C70

• Hudson, & Myles. (2019, 7 augustus). Battle of Alesia | Facts, Summary, & Combatants. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Alesia-52-BCE

• Wasson, D. L., & Assembly, C. (2025). Battle of Alesia. World History Encyclopedia. https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1734/battle-of-alesia/

• Jasiński, J. (2022, 15 oktober). Battle of Alesia (52 BCE) « IMPERIUM ROMANUM. IMPERIUM ROMANUM. https://imperiumromanum.pl/en/battles/battle-of-alesia/

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- Nicholl, C. (2019, 7 november). Charles Nicholl · Screaming in the Castle: The Case of Beatrice Cenci: The story of Beatrice Cenci. London Review Of Books. https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v20/n13/charles-nicholl/screaming-in-the-castle-the-case-of-beatrice-cenci

- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (1999, 27 mei). Beatrice Cenci | Italian Noblewoman, tragic figure, executed. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Beatrice-Cenci-Italian-noble

- The History of Beatrice Cenci: Explore Rome’s Past - Boutique Hotel Monte Cenci. (2024, 12 januari). Boutique Hotel Monte Cenci. https://montecenci.com/the-history-beatrice-cenci/

- Dumas, A., Project Gutenberg, & David Widger. (z.d.). THE CENCI. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/2742/2742-pdf.pdf- De Dominicis, C. & Cenci e Cenci Bolognetti. (z.d.). Varianti del nome – Cencii, de Cenciis, Cencio, Cencius, Centi, Cinchi, Cinci, Cincii, de Cinciis, Cincii, de Cincio, Cincios, de Cincis, Cincium, Cincius, Cincius. https://www.accademiamoroniana.it/Biografie/CENCI.pdf

- Cenci - Enciclopedia - Treccani. (z.d.). Treccani. https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/cenci_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/- Beatrice Cenci, 1857 by Harriet Hosmer. (z.d.). https://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/collection/works/1221/

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- Verwijzingen Aflevering 11: NOS. (2025, 7 mei). Het conclaaf: zo wordt de nieuwe paus gekozen [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v_9pViKJcC4

- Global Destinations. (2025, 8 mei). The longest Papal conclave in history. What happened | Who is the new Pope? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-0GFKZK-7E

Welke historische gebeurtenissen zitten verstopt in 'The Hunger Games'? Waarom was Lannes Napoleons meest dappere legeraanvoerder? Hoe trok Franciscus van den Ende de aandacht van Lodewijk XIV? We vertellen je er graag meer over in deze - opnieuw lange - aflevering!

Bronnen:

Intro en outro: Heavy Interlude, Kevin Macleod (2014). Action Cuts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sksbcNod_DY_________________________________________________________

Rickeyleary. (2016, 19 december). The History of Panem: An Introspective of how History Shaped The Hunger Games. Panem Et Circenses. https://panemetcircenseshungergames.wordpress.com/2016/12/19/the-history-of-panem-an-introspective-of-how-history-shaped-the-hunger-games/

Sartore, M. (2025, 1 juni). Secret historical ties in “The Hunger Games” films you didn’t notice. Ranker. https://www.ranker.com/list/hunger-games-historical-fun-facts/melissa-sartore

Margolis, R. A Killer Story: An Interview with Syzanne Collins,

Author of ‘The Hunger Games’ (https://www.slj.com/story/a-killer-story-an-interview-withsuzanne-collins-author-of-the-hunger-games).

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Bouchon, L. A., & Grau, D. (2013, 18 september). Lannes, Jean - French Marshal. Napoleon & Empire. https://www.napoleon-empire.org/en/personalities/lannes.php

• Epic History. (2024, 4 april). Napoleon’s Marshals, ranked (All parts) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GyTb2lqiJe0

• Fondation Napoleon. (2019b, mei 22). LANNES, Jean - Napoleon.org. napoleon.org. https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/biographies/lannes-jean/

• Jensen, N. D. (z.d.). Jean Lannes (1769-1809). https://www.frenchempire.net/biographies/lannes/

• Marie de Bruchard. (2019, 23 mei). Portrait of Marshal Lannes - napoleon.org. napoleon.org. https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/paintings/portrait-of-marshal-lannes/

• The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2025b, mei 27). Jean Lannes, duc de Montebello. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Lannes-duc-de-Montebello

• Warfare History Network. (2023, 8 december). Napoleon Bonaparte’s “Roland”: Marshal Jean Lannes - Warfare History Network. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/article/napoleon-bonapartes-roland-marshal-jean-lannes/

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- Un roi, une loi, une foi. (2018, 15 november). Spotify. https://open.spotify.com/episode/60flgQkSJr9UGjzkz2HdGU?si=ac91b6ba16c4493f

- Amsterdamse Spinoza Kring. (z.d.). Franciscus van den Enden (1602-1674). https://www.amsterdamsespinozakring.nl/archief/24-franciscus-van-den-enden-1602-1674

- Van Den Enden, F. (z.d.). FRANCISCUS van den ENDEN. https://vockamerantwerpen.be/wp/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Fransiscus-van-den-Enden.pdf